Zinthu zomalizidwa za PVC zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.Kuwunika ndi kuyesa kwa PVC calcium zinc stabilizer kumafuna njira zosiyanasiyana kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito.Mwambiri, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu: zosasunthika komanso zokhazikika.Njira yosasunthika imaphatikizapo njira ya pepala lofiira la Congo, kuyesa kukalamba kwa ng'anjo, ndi njira yamagetsi yamagetsi, pomwe njira yosunthika imaphatikizapo kuyesa kwa torque rheometer ndi kuyesa kopitilira muyeso kawiri.
1. Congo Red Test Paper Njira
Pogwiritsa ntchito kusamba kwamafuta ndi glycerol yomangidwa, PVC yoyesedwa imasakanizidwa mofanana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha ndikuyikidwa mu chubu choyesera.Zinthuzo zimagwedezeka pang'ono kuti zikhale zolimba, ndikuziyika mu mafuta osamba.Kutentha kwa glycerol mu PVC calcium zinc stabilizer mafuta kusamba kumayikidwa pasadakhale pafupifupi 170 ℃, kotero kuti kumtunda kwa zinthu za PVC mu chubu laling'ono loyesera ndi mlingo ndi kumtunda kwa glycerol.Pamwamba pa chubu chaching'ono choyesera, pulagi yokhala ndi chubu yagalasi yopyapyala imayikidwa, ndipo chubu lagalasi limawonekera kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi.Pepala loyesa lofiira la Congo limakulungidwa ndikuyikidwa pansi pa chubu lagalasi, kuti m'mphepete mwa pepala lofiira la Congo likhale pafupi ndi masentimita kuchokera kumtunda kwa zinthu za PVC.Kuyesako kukayamba, lembani nthawi kuyambira pomwe mzere wofiira wa Congo umayikidwa mu chubu choyesera mpaka pomwe umasintha kukhala buluu, yomwe ndi nthawi yokhazikika yamafuta.Chiphunzitso choyambirira cha kuyesera kumeneku ndikuti PVC idzawola mofulumira pa kutentha pafupifupi 170 ℃, koma chifukwa chowonjezera kutentha kwa stabilizer, kuwonongeka kwake kumaletsedwa.M'kupita kwa nthawi, kutentha stabilizer kudyedwa.Mukamaliza kumwa, PVC imawola mwachangu ndikutulutsa mpweya wa HCl.Panthawiyi, reagent yofiira ya ku Congo mu chubu yoyesera idzasintha mtundu chifukwa chosavuta kuchita ndi HCl.Lembani nthawi panthawiyi ndikuweruza mphamvu ya kutentha kwa stabilizer malinga ndi kutalika kwa nthawi.
2. Kuyesa kwa uvuni wokhazikika
Konzani zitsanzo zosakanikirana zothamanga kwambiri za ufa wa PVC ndi zida zina zopangira (monga mafuta odzola, zosinthira mphamvu, zodzaza, ndi zina) kuwonjezera pa PVC calcium zinc stabilizers.Tengani kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo pamwambapa, onjezerani zowonjezera kutentha kwa PVC calcium zinki stabilizer mu gawo linalake, sakanizani bwino, ndiyeno onjezerani kusakaniza kwa ndodo ziwiri.
Kukonzekera kwa zidutswa zoyesera pa chosakaniza nthawi zambiri kumachitika popanda kuwonjezera mapulasitiki.Kutentha kwapawiri mpukutu kumayikidwa pa 160-180 ℃, ndipo powonjezera mapulasitiki, kutentha kwa mpukutu kumakhala pafupifupi 140 ℃.Mwa kukanikiza mobwerezabwereza ndi ndodo ziwiri, chitsanzo cha PVC yunifolomu chimapezedwa, kenako ndikudula kuti mupeze zitsanzo za PVC za kukula kwake komwe kumakhala ndi zolimbitsa thupi zosiyanasiyana.Ikani zidutswa zoyesera za PVC pa chipangizo chokhazikika ndikuziyika mu uvuni wotentha (nthawi zambiri 180 ℃).Lembani kusintha kwa mtundu wa zidutswa zoyesa mphindi 10 zilizonse kapena mphindi 15 mpaka zitakhala zakuda.
Kupyolera mu kuyesa kukalamba kwa uvuni, mphamvu ya kutentha kwa kutentha pa PVC kukhazikika kwa kutentha kungadziwike, makamaka kuthekera kwawo kupondereza kusintha kwa mtundu.Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti PVC ikatenthedwa, mtunduwo umasintha kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima, kuphatikiza woyera wachikasu bulauni wakuda.Kuwonongeka kungadziwike ndi mtundu wa PVC pakapita nthawi.
3. Njira yamagetsi yamagetsi (njira yolumikizira)
Chipangizo choyesera chimakhala ndi magawo anayi.Mbali yakumanja ndi chipangizo chopanda mpweya, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, komanso nthawi zina mpweya.Kusiyana kwake ndikuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha nayitrogeni, PVC calcium zinc stabilizer imatha kupewa kuwonongeka kwa maunyolo a amayi a PVC chifukwa cha okosijeni mumlengalenga.Chida choyesera chotenthetsera nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosambira mafuta pafupifupi 180 ℃.Chisakanizo cha PVC ndi zowongolera kutentha zimayikidwa mkati mwa osamba mafuta.Mpweya wa HCl ukapangidwa, udzalowa mu njira ya NaOH kumanzere pamodzi ndi mpweya wa inert.NaOH imatenga msanga HCl, kupangitsa kuti pH ya yankho isinthe.Polemba kusintha kwa mita ya pH pakapita nthawi, zotsatira za ma stabilizer osiyanasiyana zimatha kudziwika.Muzotsatira zoyesera, pH t curve yomwe imapezeka mwa kukonza imagawidwa mu nthawi yophunzitsira ndi nthawi ya kukula, ndipo kutalika kwa nthawi yophunzitsira kumasiyana ndi mphamvu ya kutentha kwa stabilizer.
4. Torque rheometer
The torque rheometer ndi chida chaching'ono chomwe chimatengera makonzedwe enieni a PVC.Pali bokosi lotsekedwa lotsekedwa kunja kwa chidacho, ndipo kutentha kwa bokosi lokonzekera ndi liwiro la odzigudubuza awiri amkati amatha kuwongoleredwa kudzera pakompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi chidacho.Kulemera kwazinthu zomwe zimawonjezeredwa ku torque rheometer nthawi zambiri zimakhala 60-80 g, zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi zida zosiyanasiyana.Masitepe experimental ndi motere: kukonzekera masterbatch munali osiyana kutentha stabilizers pasadakhale, ndi mfundo masterbatch chilinganizo zambiri zikuphatikizapo ACR kuwonjezera PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Mafuta, etc. The makokedwe rheometer ndi kutentha pasadakhale.Ikafika kutentha komwe kumatchulidwa ndipo liwiro limakhala lokhazikika, kusakaniza kolemera kumawonjezeredwa ku bokosi lokonzekera, kutsekedwa mwamsanga, ndipo magawo osiyanasiyana pa kompyuta yolumikizidwa amalembedwa, yomwe ndi rheological curve.Pambuyo pokonza, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa zimatha kupezedwanso, monga kuyera, kaya kupangidwa, kusalala, etc. Pogwiritsa ntchito magawowa, mphamvu ya mafakitale ya stabilizer yofanana yotentha imatha kutsimikiziridwa.Chokhazikika choyezera kutentha chiyenera kukhala ndi torque yoyenera ndi nthawi ya pulasitiki, ndipo chinthucho chiyenera kupangidwa bwino ndi kuyera kwakukulu komanso pamwamba.The torque rheometer yamanga mlatho wosavuta pakati pa kafukufuku wa labotale ndi kupanga kwakukulu kwa mafakitale.
5. Mayeso amphamvu opitilira awiri
Monga mtundu wa njira yothandizira yoyezera mwamphamvu mphamvu ya kutentha kwa stabilizer, zodzigudubuza zamphamvu ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda rheometer, ndipo chida chosindikizira chapiritsi chawiri chimasankhidwa poyesera.Onjezani ufa wosakanikirana wothamanga kwambiri ndikuupanikiza kuti ukhale mawonekedwe.Mobwerezabwereza extrude chitsanzo analandira.Mpaka chidutswa choyesera chikhale chakuda, lembani nthawi yomwe chimatenga kuti chisanduke chakuda, chomwe chimatchedwa nthawi yakuda.Kudziwa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha pa PVC poyerekeza nthawi yakuda.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-20-2024
